New ellagic acid derivative from the fruits of heat-tolerant plant Conocarpus lancifolius Engl. and their anti-inflammatory, cytotoxic, PPAR agonistic activities

Conocarpus lancifolius [Combretaceae], " ÏãÓ ÓäÇäí " in Arabic, is distributed in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. It is a heat-tolerant Saudi medicinal plant, demonstrates prominent antidiabetic potential and the fruit extract fruits showed cytotoxicity against MRC-5 cancer cell line, as well as prominent antiprotozoal and antibacterial activities. The objective of this study is to isolate the compounds and evaluate the anti-inflammatory, cytotoxic, PPAR agonistic and antioxidant activities of extracts and pure constituents from C. lancifolius. A new trimethoxyellagic acid derivative 1 and two compounds, kaempferol 3-O-rutinoside 2 and beta-sitosterol glucoside 3 were isolated from the fruits of Conocarpus lancifolius, a heat-tolerant plant. Compound 2 showed strong dual activation for PPAR alpha and PPAR gamma with 2.6 fold increment in PPAR alpha activity, while 2.2 fold increment in PPAR gamma at 25 micro g/mL. This is first report on isolation and screening of different biological activities of extract and pure constituents from fruits of C. lancifolius

Isolation of flavonoids from Delonix elata and determination of its rutin content using capillary electrophoresis

Delonix elata [L.] Gamble [Fabaceae] is an important, traditionally used plant in Saudi Arabia. It is used to relieve rheumatic pain, flatulence and the seeds are employed as purgatives. The aim of the present study was to isolate chemical constituents of the n-butanol fraction [BF] of D. elata and to find out, by capillary electrophoresis [CE], percentage of rutin present in this BF. Three quercetin glycosides and one kaempferol rutinoside were isolated from the BF of aerial parts of D. elata; namely, Quercetin 3-O-rutinoside-7-O-glucoside [1], Quercetin 3,7-diglucoside [2], Quercetin 3-0-rutinoside [RUT] [3] and Kaempferol 3-0-rutinoside [4]. Rutin, an active constituent has been reported to possess good pharmacological as well as therapeutic potentials. A sensitive and rapid procedure for quantitative determination of RUT by capillary electrophoresis was developed and its content was found to be 7.349 mg/gm, relative to n-butanol fraction and 18.373 mg%, relative to the dry powder of D. elata. The method could be recommended for approval and use in the pharmaceutical and food industries

Cytotoxic flavonoid glycosides from rapistrum rugosum l

Five flavonoid glycosides were isolated from the-butanol soluble fraction of the ethanolic extract of Rapistrum rugosum and their structures were assigned from 'H- and [13]C-NMR spectra [DEPT] with 2D NMR as quercetin-3-[9-a-L-rhamnopyranoside [1], quercetin-3-<9-/?-D-xyloside [2], quercetin, 3-0-a-L-arabinopyranoside, 7-0-a-L-rhamnopyranoside [3], kaempferol 3-0-a-L-arabinopyranoside, 7-0-a-L-rhamnopyranoside [4] and rutin [5]. The SRB cytotoxic assay was used to investigate the antitumor activities of "-butanol extract, compound 3 and its hexaacetate 3a, for the first time. Compounds 3 and 3a showed cytotoxic activity against the human cancer cell line, namely, HepG2 [hepatocellular carcinoma cell line] with IC[50] [concentration of compound required to reduce cell survival by 50%] 0.86 microg/mL and 3.50 microg/mL, respectively. These results proved that compound 3, the major flavonoid of the ft-butanol soluble fraction, has significant cytotoxic activity compared with the standard antitumor drug doxorubicin [0.60 microg/mL]